6/21/2023 0 Comments Phase by E.C. NewmanRather than focus on these computational hypotheses, we aim to emphasize the broad scope of experimental data concerning the heterogeneity of different circuits and the cellular level modulatory effects of muscarinic and nicotinic receptors that will need to be addressed in future computational hypotheses. Previous articles have described detailed computational hypotheses about the role of cholinergic neuromodulation in enhancing the dynamics for encoding in cortical structures (Hasselmo, 2006) and the role of reduced cholinergic modulation in allowing consolidation of previously encoded information (Hasselmo, 1999). Empirical evidence indicates a role for ACh in normal physiological cognitive functions including attention to sensory stimuli (Sarter et al., 2005 Pinto et al., 2013 Bloem et al., 2014), coding of location and movement speed, learning and memory (Haam and Yakel, 2017) as well as a substantial role in regulating transitions between waking and sleep states (Xu et al., 2015). Thereby, ACh plays an important role in modulating cortical circuit activity. Besides its role as a neurotransmitter in the peripheral nervous system, acetylcholine (ACh) in the central nervous system mainly acts as a neuromodulator by modulation of neuronal excitability, presynaptic release probability, postsynaptic responsiveness and synaptic plasticity.
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